Analysis of evolution of carbonic anhydrases IV and XV reveals a rich history of gene duplications and a new group of isozymes

Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Mar 15;21(6):1503-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.08.060. Epub 2012 Sep 10.

Abstract

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes CA IV and CA XV are anchored on the extracellular cell surface via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) linkage. Analysis of evolution of these isozymes in vertebrates reveals an additional group of GPI-linked CAs, CA XVII, which has been lost in mammals. Our work resolves nomenclature issues in GPI-linked fish CAs. Review of expression data brings forth previously unreported tissue and cancer types in which human CA IV is expressed. Analysis of collective glycosylation patterns of GPI-linked CAs suggests functionally important regions on the protein surface.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biological Evolution*
  • Carbonic Anhydrase IV / classification
  • Carbonic Anhydrase IV / genetics
  • Carbonic Anhydrase IV / metabolism
  • Carbonic Anhydrases / classification
  • Carbonic Anhydrases / genetics
  • Carbonic Anhydrases / metabolism
  • Gene Duplication
  • Gene Expression
  • Glycosylation
  • Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Isoenzymes / classification
  • Isoenzymes / genetics
  • Isoenzymes / metabolism
  • Phylogeny

Substances

  • Glycosylphosphatidylinositols
  • Isoenzymes
  • Carbonic Anhydrase IV
  • Carbonic Anhydrases