Sorafenib inhibits p38α activity in colorectal cancer cells and synergizes with the DFG-in inhibitor SB202190 to increase apoptotic response

Cancer Biol Ther. 2012 Dec;13(14):1471-81. doi: 10.4161/cbt.22254. Epub 2012 Sep 17.

Abstract

In the search for new strategies to efficiently fight colorectal cancer, efforts are being increasingly focused on targeting regulatory signaling pathways involved in cancer-specific features. As a result, several studies have recently addressed the therapeutic potential of molecularly-targeted drugs capable of inhibiting the activity of protein kinases involved in relevant signaling cascades. Here we show that simultaneous inhibition of the DFG-in and DFG-out conformations of p38α by means of type-I and type-II inhibitors is beneficial to impair more efficiently its kinase activity. Moreover, we found that SB202190 (type-I) and sorafenib (type-II) synergize at the molecular and biological level, as co-treatment with these compounds enhances tumor growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis both in colorectal cancer cell lines and animal models. These results support the need to reconsider sorafenib as a therapeutic agent against colorectal cancer and provide new insights that underline the importance to elucidate the activity of protein kinase inhibitors for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Caspase 3 / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Drug Synergism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • Niacinamide / analogs & derivatives*
  • Niacinamide / pharmacology
  • Phenylurea Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Pyridines / pharmacology*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Sorafenib
  • Transplantation, Heterologous

Substances

  • Imidazoles
  • Phenylurea Compounds
  • Pyridines
  • Niacinamide
  • Sorafenib
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14
  • Caspase 3
  • 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole