Functions and regulation of circular dorsal ruffles

Mol Cell Biol. 2012 Nov;32(21):4246-57. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00551-12. Epub 2012 Aug 27.

Abstract

Cells construct a number of plasma membrane structures to meet a range of physiological demands. Driven by juxtamembrane actin machinery, these actin-based membrane protrusions are essential for the operation and maintenance of cellular life. They are required for diverse cellular functions, such as directed cell motility, cell spreading, adhesion, and substrate/matrix degradation. Circular dorsal ruffles (CDRs) are one class of such structures characterized as F-actin-rich membrane projections on the apical cell surface. CDRs commence their formation minutes after stimulation as flat, open, and immature ruffles and progressively develop into fully enclosed circular ruffles. These "rings" then mature and contract centrifugally before subsiding. Serving a critical function in receptor internalization and cell migration, CDRs are thus highly dynamic but transient formations. Here, we review the current state of knowledge concerning the regulation of circular dorsal ruffles. We focus specifically on the biochemical pathways leading to CDR formation in order to better define the roles and functions of these enigmatic structures.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Actin Cytoskeleton / ultrastructure
  • Animals
  • Cell Adhesion
  • Cell Membrane / physiology*
  • Cell Membrane / ultrastructure
  • Cell Movement
  • Cell Surface Extensions / physiology*
  • Cell Surface Extensions / ultrastructure
  • Cell-Matrix Junctions / physiology
  • Cell-Matrix Junctions / ultrastructure
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Pinocytosis
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases