Cardiac autonomic nerve abnormalities in chronic heart failure are associated with presynaptic vagal nerve degeneration

Shamarendra N Sanyal; Tomoyuki Wada; Motoko Yamabe; Hirofumi Anai; Shinji Miyamoto; Tatsuo Shimada; Katsushige Ono

doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2012.07.004

Cardiac autonomic nerve abnormalities in chronic heart failure are associated with presynaptic vagal nerve degeneration

Pathophysiology. 2012 Sep;19(4):253-60. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Aug 24.

Authors

Shamarendra N Sanyal¹, Tomoyuki Wada, Motoko Yamabe, Hirofumi Anai, Shinji Miyamoto, Tatsuo Shimada, Katsushige Ono

Affiliation

¹ Department of Pathophysiology, Oita University School of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan.

PMID: 22921612
DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2012.07.004

Abstract

Background: Understanding of the functional and structural disturbances of cardiac autonomic nerves in ventricular hypertrophy and eventual chronic heart failure (CHF) remains unclear.

Methods and results: ECG signals were obtained by a radio transmitter from male Wistar rats that received monocrotaline (MCT) via subcutaneous injection. Heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) were analyzed. The RR interval, total power (TP), low frequency (LF) power, high frequency (HF) power, and LF/HF (L/H) power ratio were measured. Ultrastructural changes in cardiac autonomic nerves at the sinoatrial (SA) node region were studied using an electron microscope. TP and HF powers in MCT-induced right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and eventual CHF were significantly decreased, and HR was significantly increased at week 5 or later after the MCT injection. The electron microscopic findings indicated the depletion of neurotransmitter vesicles and degradation of parasympathetic but not sympathetic nerve endings in the SA node region of the heart.

Conclusion: MCT-induced RVH and CHF rats showed presynaptic vagal nerve degradation prior to sympathetic nerve derangement in the heart.