Purpose: Aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of human MRC-5 cells to act as a feeder layer for conjunctival epithelial cells in order to develop a complete xenobiotic-free culture system for the expansion of conjunctival epithelial progenitor cells for clinical applications.
Methods: Human conjunctival epithelial cells were expanded from a bulbar biopsy, in a completely xenobiotic-free culture system using growth arrested MRC-5 cells as a feeder layer, without (MRC-5/No Serum) and in the presence of 5% (MRC-5/HS 5%) or 10% (MRC-5/HS 10%) human serum. The total cell count, the surface area as well as the total colony-forming efficiency (CFE), the percentage of aborted colonies and the expression of putative progenitor cell markers p63α, ABCG2, CK15 was compared to the gold standard culture system (GS) in which growth arrested 3T3 feeder cells and feotal calf serum were used.
Results: The epithelial cell count revealed significantly less proliferation in the MRC-5/No Serum group compared to the GS conditions. All groups showed immunoreactivity to CK19; however, more differentiated epithelial cells were observed in the MRC-5/No Serum- and MRC-5/HS 10%-group and less immunoreactivity to p63 α and ABCG2 was found in these groups compared to GS and MRC-5/HS 5% conditions. This was in accordance with CFE results, were the MRC-5/HS 5% group showed similar CFE results compared to the GS group, while in the MRC-5/No Serum- and MRC-5/HS 10%-group significantly lower CFE's were observed.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that a completely xenobiotic-free culture system using MRC-5 cells as a feeder layer in combination with human serum can be successfully used to expand conjunctival epithelial cells with progenitor cell characteristics and might be a useful tool for the safe expansion of these cells for clinical use.