Purpose: To compare helical tomotherapy (HT) and conventional intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using a variety of dosimetric and radiobiologic indexes in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC).
Patients and methods: A total of 20 patients with LA-NSCLC were enrolled. IMRT plans with 4-6 coplanar beams and HT plans were generated for each patient. Dose distributions and dosimetric indexes for the tumors and critical structures were computed for both plans and compared.
Results: Both modalities created highly conformal plans. They did not differ in the volumes of lung exposed to > 20 Gy of radiation. The average mean lung dose, volume receiving ≥ 30 Gy, and volume receiving ≥ 10 Gy in HT planning were 18.3 Gy, 18.5%, and 57.1%, respectively, compared to 19.4 Gy, 25.4%, and 48.9%, respectively, with IMRT (p = 0.004, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001). The differences between HT and IMRT in lung volume receiving ≥ 10-20 Gy increased significantly as the planning target volume (PTV) increased. For 6 patients who had PTV greater than 700 cm(3), IMRT was superior to HT for 5 patients in terms of lung volume receiving ≥ 5-20 Gy. The integral dose to the entire thorax in HT plans was significantly higher than in IMRT plans.
Conclusion: HT gave significantly better control of mean lung dose and volume receiving ≥ 30-40 Gy, whereas IMRT provided better control of the lung volume receiving ≥ 5-15 Gy and the integral dose to entire thorax. In most patients with PTV greater than 700 cm(3), IMRT was superior to HT in terms of lung volume receiving ≥ 5-20 Gy. It is therefore advised that caution should be exercised when planning LA-NSCLC using HT.