Does the presence of a vaginal probe alter pelvic floor muscle activation in young, continent women?

Abstract

Vaginal probes may induce changes in pelvic floor muscle (PFM) recruitment by the very presence of the probes. Fine-wire electrodes allow us to detect muscle activation parameters without altering the natural position and shape of the PFMs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PFM activation is altered by changes in sensory feedback, muscle length or tissue position caused by two different vaginal probes used to record surface electromyography (EMG). Twelve continent women (30.1 ± 5.4 years), performed PFM maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) in supine while fine-wire EMG was recorded bilaterally from the PFMs under three conditions: (a) without any probe inserted into the vagina, (b) while a Femiscan™ probe was in situ, and (c) while a Periform™ vaginal probe was in situ. The reliability of the fine wire EMG data was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CV). A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was used to determine if there were differences in EMG amplitude recorded when the different vaginal probes were in situ. For each condition the between-trial reliability was excellent, ICC((3,1)) = 0.93-0.96, (p < 0.001) and CV = 11.2-21.8%. There were no differences in peak EMG amplitude recorded during the MVCs across the three conditions (no probe 63.4 ± 48.4 μV, Femiscan™ 55.3 ± 42.4 μV, Periform™ 59.4 ± 42.2 μV, p = 0.178). These results suggest that women produce consistent MVCs over multiple contractions, and that PFM muscle activation is not affected by different probes inserted into the vagina.