Objective: To analyze clinical symptoms and disease-causing mutations of corneodesmosin (CDSN) gene in a Chinese family affected with hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp and to establish a method for prenatal diagnosis.
Methods: Family survey and clinical examinations were carried out to determine the inheritance pattern. Three patients and 7 unaffected relatives from the family, in addition with 100 unrelated healthy controls were recruited. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes was extracted. Five pairs of primers were designed based on the CDSN gene sequence. Exons and flanking regions of the CDSN gene were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Potential mutations were analyzed through direct sequencing and comparison by BLAST.
Results: The type of alopecia of the family was diagnosed as hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. A nonsense mutation (C717G) in cDNA sequence of the CDSN gene was identified in all three patients of the family, which resulted in a premature stop codon (Y239X). The same mutation was not found among healthy members of the family and 100 healthy controls.
Conclusion: A Chinese family was diagnosed with hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp, which was caused by a novel nonsense mutation (Y239X) in the CDSN gene.