Abstract
The phycobiliproteins from Rhodophyta , R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) and C-phycocyanin (C-PC), have been shown to exert immunomodulatory effects. This study evaluated the effects of a Phorphyra columbina protein fraction (PF) and R-PE and C-PC on rat primary splenocytes, macrophages, and T-lymphocytes in vitro. PF featured various protein species, including R-PE and C-PC. PF showed mitogenic effects on rat splenocytes and was nontoxic to cells except at 1 g L(-1) protein. IL-10 secretion was enhanced by PF in rat splenocytes, macrophages, and especially T-lymphocytes, whereas it was markedly diminished by R-PE and C-PC. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages was inhibited. The effect of PF on IL-10 was evoked by JNK/p38 MAPK and NF-κB-dependent pathways in macrophages and T-lymphocytes. It was concluded that PF has immunomodulatory effects on macrophages and lymphocytes that appear to be predominantly anti-inflammatory via up-regulated IL-10 production and cannot be accounted for by R-PE and C-PC.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
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Cell Proliferation
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Female
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Immunologic Factors / pharmacology*
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Interferon-gamma / metabolism
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Interleukin-10 / genetics
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Interleukin-10 / metabolism
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Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
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Interleukin-6 / metabolism
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
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L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / analysis
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Macrophages / immunology
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Mitogens / pharmacology
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NF-kappa B / metabolism
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Phosphorylation
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Phycobiliproteins / isolation & purification
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Phycobiliproteins / pharmacology*
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Phycocyanin / isolation & purification
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Phycocyanin / pharmacology*
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Phycoerythrin / isolation & purification
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Phycoerythrin / pharmacology*
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Rhodophyta / chemistry*
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Seaweed / chemistry
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Spleen / cytology
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Spleen / immunology
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
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Up-Regulation
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Immunologic Factors
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Interleukin-1beta
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Interleukin-6
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Mitogens
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NF-kappa B
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Phycobiliproteins
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Plant Extracts
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Phycocyanin
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Phycoerythrin
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Interleukin-10
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Interferon-gamma
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L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases