Diagnostic accuracy of heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) and glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB (GPBB) in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2012;22(2):225-36. doi: 10.11613/bm.2012.025.

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to assess whether heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB (GPBB) could be used for the accurate diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.

Materials and methods: The study included 108 ACS patients admitted to a coronary unit within 3 h after chest pain onset. AMI was distinguished from unstable angina (UA) using a classical cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assay. H-FABP and GPBB were measured by ELISA on admission (0 h) and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after admission; their accuracy to diagnose AMI was assessed using statistical methods.

Results: From 92 patients with ACS; 71 had AMI. H-FABP and GPBB had higher peak value after 3 h from admission than cTnI (P = 0.001). Both markers normalized at 24 h. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves was significantly greater for both markers in AMI patients than in UA patients at all time points tested, including admission (P < 0.001). At admission, the H-FABP (37%) and GPBB (40%) sensitivities were relatively low. They increased at 3 and 6 h after admission for both markers and decreased again after 24 h. It was 40% for H-FABP and approximately 2-times lower for GPBB (P < 0.01). In AMI patients, both biomarkers had similar specificities, positive- and negative-predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and risk ratios for AIM.

Conclusion: H-FABP and GPBB can contribute to early AMI diagnosis and can distinguish AMI from UA.

Uvod:: Cilj ovog istraživanja je procijeniti mogu li se srčani protein koji veže masne kiseline (engl. heart fatty acid-binding protein, H-FABP) i BB izoenzim glikogen-fosforilaze (engl. glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB, GPBB) rabiti za točno dijagnosticiranje akutnog infarkta miokarda (engl. acute myocardial infarction, AMI) kod bolesnika s akutnim koronarnim sindromom (engl. acute coronary syndrome, ACS).

Materijali i metode:: U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 108 bolesnika s ACS primljenih na kardiološki odjel unutar 3 sata od pojave boli u prsima. Klasičnom metodom za određivanje koncentracije srčanog troponina I (cTnI) odvojili smo bolesnike s AMI i one s nestabilnom anginom (engl. un-stabile angina, UA). Koncentracije H-FABP i GPBB određene su ELISA metodom pri prijemu (0 h) i 3, 6, 12 te 24 sati nakon prijema na odjel; njihova točnost kod postavljanja dijagnoze AMI procijenjena je statističkim metodama.

Rezultati:: Od 92 bolesnika s ACS, 71 je imao AMI. Vršne vrijednosti koncentracija H-FABP i GPBB 3 sata nakon prijema bile su više od onih cTnI (P = 0,001). Nakon 24 sata oba su se biljega normalizirala. Područje ispod ROC krivulje bilo je značajno veće za oba biljega kod bolesnika s AMI nego kod bolesnika s UA u svim trenucima testiranja, uključujući i vrijeme prijema (P < 0,001). Kod prijema su osjetljivost za H-FABP (37%) i za GPBB (40%) bile relativno niske. Porasle su 3 i 6 sati nakon prijema za oba biljega, a nakon 24h su ponovno pale te iznosile 40% za H-FABP i približno 2 puta niže za GPBB (P < 0,01). Kod bolesnika s AMI oba su biološka biljega imala slične specifičnosti, pozitivne i negativne prediktivne vrijednosti, pozitivne i negativne omjere vjerojatnosti te omjere rizika za AMI.

Zaključak:: Određivanje koncentracije H-FABP i GPBB može doprinijeti ranom dijagnosticiranju AMI te se može rabiti za razlikovanje AMI od UA.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / blood*
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diagnostic Errors / prevention & control
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods
  • Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3
  • Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / analysis
  • Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • Female
  • Glycogen Phosphorylase, Brain Form / analysis
  • Glycogen Phosphorylase, Brain Form / biosynthesis*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Statistical
  • Myocardial Infarction / blood*
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • FABP3 protein, human
  • Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3
  • Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins
  • Glycogen Phosphorylase, Brain Form