The influenza A (H1N1) virus may cause severe illness in humans, especially children less than two years of age. The neuraminidase enzyme inhibitor, oseltamivir, is a potent medication for the management of patients with this infection. Minimal information exists regarding the immediate and long term effects of oseltamivir therapy in low birth weight premature infants born to mothers with this viral illness. This is a review of two premature male infants born to mothers with influenza A (H1N1), their presentation, clinical course, administration of oseltamivir, medical management and long term follow up through the first 18 months of life.