This Statistical Brief presents data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) on hospitalizations for childbirth with and without complicating conditions in 2009. It examines stays for both vaginal deliveries and Cesarean sections and compares rates of complicating conditions among both types of stays. All data are reported from the maternal perspective (i.e., reflecting the experience of the mother, not the newborn). For the purpose of this Brief, “complicating conditions” include all ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes that are in the section entitled “Complications of Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Puerperium” as outlined under “Definitions”.