Optimization of an adsorption process for tetrafluoroborate removal by zirconium (IV)-loaded orange waste gel from aqueous solution

Environ Technol. 2012 Apr-May;33(7-9):845-50. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2011.599429.

Abstract

This investigation provides new insights into the effective removal of tetrafluoroborate (BF4-) by means of bio-sorption on waste generated in the orange juice industry. It was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of zirconium (IV)-loaded saponified orange waste gel for BF4- removal from an aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to study the influence of various factors such as pH, presence of competing anions, contact time, initial BF4- concentration and temperature on the adsorption of BF4-. The optimum BF4- removal was observed in the equilibrium pH region 2-3. The presence of coexisting anions showed no adverse effect on BF4- removal except SO4(2-). The equilibrium data at different temperatures were reasonably interpreted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacities were evaluated as 2.65, 3.28, 3.87 and 4.77 mmol g(-1) at 293, 298, 303 and 313 K, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as deltaGo, deltaHo and deltaSo indicated that the nature of BF4- adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic. The results obtained from this study demonstrate the potential usability of orange waste after juicing as a good BF4- selective adsorbent.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Anions / chemistry
  • Biomass
  • Borates
  • Boric Acids / isolation & purification*
  • Citrus sinensis / chemistry*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Thermodynamics
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / isolation & purification*
  • Zirconium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Anions
  • Borates
  • Boric Acids
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Zirconium
  • fluoroboric acid