Extreme-ultraviolet compact spectrometer for the characterization of the harmonics content in the free-electron-laser radiation at FLASH

J Synchrotron Radiat. 2012 Jul;19(Pt 4):596-601. doi: 10.1107/S0909049512022224. Epub 2012 Jun 9.

Abstract

The design and the commissioning results of a portable and compact spectrometer for the high harmonics content characterization of the extreme-ultraviolet radiation of FLASH (free-electron laser in DESY, Hamburg, Germany) are presented. The instrument is a grazing-incidence flat-field spectrometer equipped with two variable-line-spaced gratings; it covers the 2-40 nm wavelength region with a spectral resolution in the 0.1-0.2% range. Both spectral and intensity fluctuations of the fundamental emission and the harmonics are monitored.