Soil fumigation with dazomet, metam sodium, chloropicrin and chloropicrin + 1.3 D resulted in significant decrease of fungi and increase of bacteria populations in trials carried out in four farms located in different areas. Depending on the farm and the active substance applied, the fungi population was decreased by 1.4- to 3500-fold in comparison to control. Metam sodium and chloropicrin showed the best efficacy, both of them almost totally eliminated the fungi from the soil environment.The total number of bacteria was increased by the chemical fumigation with all tested products. While the population of fluorescent Pseudomonads in all treated plots increased from 2- to 100-fold, depending on the farm, the number of Bacillus spp. was not changed or decreased compared with non fumigated soil.The nematology analysis of the soil indicated that any chemical fumigant significantly limited the population of plant parasitic nematodes, which number was, anyway, below the damage threshold. However, in most cases dazomet and metam sodium reduced the total number of all nematodes present in the soil.The fumigation with chloropicrin and 1,3 D at dose of 30 g/m2 resulted in an increase of the total number of all nematodes in soil.