Suppression of tumor and metastasis progression through the scaffolding functions of SSeCKS/Gravin/AKAP12

Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2012 Dec;31(3-4):493-500. doi: 10.1007/s10555-012-9360-1.

Abstract

Scaffolding proteins such as SSeCKS/Gravin/AKAP12 ("AKAP12") are thought to control oncogenic signaling pathways by regulating key mediators in a spatiotemporal manner. The downregulation of AKAP12 in many human cancers, often associated with promoter hypermethylation, or the loss of its locus at 6q24-25.2, correlates with progression to malignancy and metastasis. The forced re-expression of AKAP12 in cancer cell lines suppresses in vitro parameters of oncogenic growth, invasiveness, and cell motility through its ability to scaffold protein kinase C (PKC), F-actin, cyclins, Src, and phosphoinositides, and possibly through additional scaffolding domains for PKA, calmodulin, β1,4-galactosyltransferase-polypeptide-1, β2-adrenergic receptors, and cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D. Moreover, AKAP12 re-expression in tumor models results in metastasis suppression through the inhibition of Src-regulated, VEGF-mediated neovascularization at distal sites. The current review will describe the emerging understanding of how AKAP12 regulates cellular senescence and oncogenic progression at the level of tumor cells and tumor-associated microenvironment via its multiple scaffolding functions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • A Kinase Anchor Proteins / physiology*
  • Animals
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / physiology*
  • Cellular Senescence
  • Disease Progression
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Metastasis / prevention & control*
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tumor Microenvironment

Substances

  • A Kinase Anchor Proteins
  • AKAP12 protein, human
  • Cell Cycle Proteins