Abstract
Anti-allergic efficacy of red ginseng (RG) and fermented red ginseng (FRG) was evaluated. RG or FRG were administered to ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice for 8 weeks. Immunoglobulins (Igs), Th1/Th2 type cytokines, and β-lactoglobulin (BLG) in serum, and intestinal barrier-related molecules in jejunum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Mice sensitized with OVA increased serum IgG₁, IgE, OVA-IgG₁, and OVA-IgE. Both RG and FRG decreased serum IgE, OVA-IgE, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Serum BLG, a marker of gut permeability, was significantly higher in sensitized animals and was decreased in mice fed RG or FRG. In addition, intestinal barrier-related markers such as MMCP-1, IL-4, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS mRNA expressions were decreased by RG or FRG. Our results suggest in vivo anti-allergic activities of RG or FRG, which are associated with the regulation of Th1/Th2 balance, intestinal inflammation and subsequent the suppression of IgE.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Administration, Oral
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Animals
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Anti-Allergic Agents / pharmacology
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Anti-Allergic Agents / therapeutic use*
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Cytokines / blood
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Dietary Proteins / adverse effects
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Female
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Fermentation
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Food Hypersensitivity / blood
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Food Hypersensitivity / drug therapy*
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Food Hypersensitivity / immunology
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Immunoglobulin E / blood
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Immunoglobulin G / blood
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Inflammation / blood
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Inflammation / drug therapy*
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Inflammation / immunology
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Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
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Intestinal Diseases / blood
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Intestinal Diseases / drug therapy*
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Intestinal Diseases / immunology
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Intestinal Mucosa / drug effects*
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Intestinal Mucosa / immunology
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Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism
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Jejunum / drug effects
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Jejunum / immunology
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Jejunum / metabolism
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Lactoglobulins / blood
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Ovalbumin / adverse effects
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Panax*
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Permeability
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Phytotherapy*
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology
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Plant Extracts / therapeutic use
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Th1-Th2 Balance / drug effects
Substances
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Anti-Allergic Agents
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Cytokines
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Dietary Proteins
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Immunoglobulin G
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Inflammation Mediators
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Lactoglobulins
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Plant Extracts
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RNA, Messenger
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Immunoglobulin E
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Ovalbumin