The discovery of specific gene mutations, termed "driver mutations", in different tumors has brought personalized medicine into the focus of cancer treatment. Targeted treatment agents generally are administered orally and have a tolerable adverse event profile; they have become widely used in both inpatient and outpatient settings. The approval of the selective BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf®) as first-line therapy of metastatic melanoma in Europe in February 2012 as well as the increasing use of MEK inhibitors within clinical trials confronts dermatologists and oncologists with a new spectrum of side effects. Knowledge of these possible adverse events and their management will be crucial for optimized patient care. This article offers an overview of the most important adverse events of currently employed dermato-oncologic therapeutic agents.
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