Clinical syndromes and management of intracerebral hemorrhage

Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2012 Aug;14(4):307-13. doi: 10.1007/s11883-012-0251-2.

Abstract

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality. Acutely, ICH is associated with a sudden surge in intracranial pressure (ICP), as the volume of hematoma increases the pressure in the closed head, leading to non-specific symptoms of ICP: headache, nausea, vomiting, and alterations in consciousness. In the early phase, damage to the brain tissues surrounding the hematoma causes progression of neurologic symptoms. Expansion of supratentorial ICHs may result in transtentorial herniation, causing mental status deterioration and loss of pupillary light reflex. Compared to ischemic stroke, seizure is more common in ICH.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy / complications
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / diagnosis*
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / therapy
  • Coagulants / therapeutic use*
  • Craniotomy / methods
  • Factor VII / therapeutic use*
  • Hematoma / complications
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications*
  • Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive / diagnosis*
  • Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive / etiology
  • Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive / therapy
  • Seizures / etiology
  • Sympathomimetics / adverse effects

Substances

  • Coagulants
  • Sympathomimetics
  • Factor VII