Suicidality among adults with intellectual disability

Abstract

Background: The objective of the current study is to arrive at a better understanding of individuals with intellectual disability (ID) who threaten or attempt suicide.

Methods: From a sample of 751 adults with ID who experienced a crisis, demographic and clinical profiles of 39 adults who threatened to commit suicide were compared to 28 adults who attempted suicide. These individuals were then compared to 337 adults who behaved aggressively toward others.

Results: Individuals who attempted suicide appeared similar to those who voiced suicide with the exception that suicide attempters were younger and more likely to visit the emergency department. Females, higher functioning individuals, and persons with a history of self-harm had higher odds of attempting or threatening suicide

Limitations: Research findings based on informant reported data, so diagnoses and delivery of services in hospital cannot be validated.

Conclusions: Suicidality does occur in adults with ID, and can result in emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Recognition of variables associated with suicidality among those with ID by clinicians may allow for enhanced assessment, treatment services and ultimately more positive mental health outcomes for this group.