Abstract
A group of prenyltransferases produce linear lipids by catalyzing consecutive condensation reactions of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) with specific numbers of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), a common building block of isoprenoid compounds. Depending on the stereochemistry of the double bonds formed during IPP condensation, these prenyltransferases are categorized as cis- and trans-types. Undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) that catalyzes chain elongation of FPP by consecutive condensation reactions with eight IPP, to form C₅₅ lipid carrier for bacterial cell wall biosynthesis, serves as a model for understanding cis-prenyltransferases. In this review, the current knowledge in UPPS kinetics, mechanisms, structures, and inhibitors is summarized.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Alkyl and Aryl Transferases* / chemistry
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Alkyl and Aryl Transferases* / metabolism
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Bacteria / chemistry
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Bacteria / metabolism*
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Bacterial Proteins* / chemistry
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Bacterial Proteins* / metabolism
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Cell Wall / metabolism*
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Dimethylallyltranstransferase* / chemistry
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Dimethylallyltranstransferase* / metabolism
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Hemiterpenes / biosynthesis
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Hemiterpenes / chemistry
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Organophosphorus Compounds / chemistry
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Polyisoprenyl Phosphates* / biosynthesis
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Polyisoprenyl Phosphates* / chemistry
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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Sesquiterpenes* / chemistry
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Structure-Activity Relationship
Substances
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Bacterial Proteins
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Hemiterpenes
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Organophosphorus Compounds
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Polyisoprenyl Phosphates
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Sesquiterpenes
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isopentenyl pyrophosphate
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farnesyl pyrophosphate
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Alkyl and Aryl Transferases
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Dimethylallyltranstransferase
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undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase