Nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFAT1)-induced permissive chromatin modification facilitates nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated interleukin-9 (IL-9) transactivation

J Biol Chem. 2012 May 4;287(19):15445-57. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.340356. Epub 2012 Mar 15.

Abstract

IL-9 regulates diverse inflammatory immune responses. Although the functional importance of IL-9 has been investigated in various pathophysiological conditions, molecular mechanisms by which TCR stimulation induced IL-9 gene expression are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the functional importance of the NFAT1 and NF-κB (p65) in IL-9 gene transcription in CD4(+) T cells. In vivo binding of NFAT1 and NF-κB (p65) to the IL-9 promoter was observed. NFAT1 binding induced a transcriptionally active chromatin configuration at the IL-9 promoter locus, whereas NF-κB (p65) binding transactivated the IL-9 promoter. Mouse deficient in NFAT1 shows a significant down-regulation of IL-9 expression that resulted from an inaccessible chromatin configuration at the IL-9 promoter. In parallel, knockdown of NF-κB (p65) also resulted in reduced IL-9 expression. In this process, NFAT1 plays a pivotal role as a core protein that creates an accessible platform for the assembly of transcription activators. The presence of NFAT1 correlates with recruitment of NF-κB (p65), p300, and active histone markers on the IL-9 promoter, resulting in a transcriptionally competent promoter. NFAT1 deficiency significantly reduced the recruitment of the above activation complex to the IL-9 promoter. In summary, our data suggest that functional cooperation of NFAT1 and NF-κB synergistically enhances IL-9 transcription in CD4(+) T cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Binding Sites / genetics
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chromatin / genetics
  • Chromatin / metabolism*
  • Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Immunoblotting
  • Interleukin-9 / genetics*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation
  • NFATC Transcription Factors / genetics
  • NFATC Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
  • Protein Binding
  • RNA Interference
  • Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
  • Transcription Factor RelA / genetics
  • Transcription Factor RelA / metabolism*
  • Transcriptional Activation*

Substances

  • Chromatin
  • Interleukin-9
  • NFATC Transcription Factors
  • Transcription Factor RelA