Comparison of different distal designs of femoral components and their effects on bone remodeling in 1-stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty

Abstract

To evaluate the effects of distal design of a proximally coated femoral component on periprosthetic bone remodeling, we prospectively performed 21 one-stage bilateral total hip arthroplasties using a distally tapered and a distally cylindrical stem with the same proximal design, randomized to side. All hips showed good outcomes clinically and radiographically at the final follow-up, average of 7 years postoperatively. Cancellous condensation was always found in Gruen's zones 2 and 6 around the cylindrical stem and in regions between zones 2 and 3 and between zones 6 and 5 around the tapered stem. Bone mineral density of Gruen's zones 2 and 6 was significantly lower around the tapered stem. These results suggested more distal loading in hips with the tapered stem than in those with the cylindrical stem.