Variability of blood pressure in dialysis patients: a new marker of cardiovascular risk

J Nephrol. 2013 Jan-Feb;26(1):173-82. doi: 10.5301/jn.5000108.

Abstract

Background: Hemodialysis patients have a high cardiovascular mortality, and hypertension is the most prevalent treatable risk factor. We aimed to assess the predictive significance of dialysis-to-dialysis variability in blood pressure in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: We performed a historical cohort study in 1,088 prevalent hemodialysis patients, followed up for 5 years. The risk of cardiovascular death was determined in relation to dialysis-to-dialysis variability in blood pressure, maximum blood pressure and pulse pressure.

Results: Variability in blood pressure was a predictor of cardiovascular death (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.242; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.004-1.537; p=0.046). Also age (HR=1.021; 95% CI, 1.011-1.048; p=0.049), diabetes (HR=1.134; 95% CI, 1.128-1.451; p=0.035), creatinine (HR=0.837; 95% CI, 0.717-0.977; p=0.024) and albumin (HR=0.901; 95% CI, 0.821-0.924; p=0.022) influenced mortality. Maximum blood pressure and pulse pressure did not show any effect on cardiovascular death.

Conclusion: Dialysis-to-dialysis variability in blood pressure is a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients, and blood pressure variability may be used in managing hypertension and predicting outcomes in dialysis patients.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Pressure*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality*
  • Confidence Intervals
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Diabetes Complications / complications
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications
  • Hypertension / physiopathology
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Renal Dialysis
  • Renal Insufficiency / complications
  • Renal Insufficiency / physiopathology*
  • Renal Insufficiency / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Serum Albumin
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Serum Albumin
  • Creatinine