HnRNP L and L-like cooperate in multiple-exon regulation of CD45 alternative splicing

Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Jul;40(12):5666-78. doi: 10.1093/nar/gks221. Epub 2012 Mar 8.

Abstract

CD45 encodes a trans-membrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase expressed in diverse cells of the immune system. By combinatorial use of three variable exons 4-6, isoforms are generated that differ in their extracellular domain, thereby modulating phosphatase activity and immune response. Alternative splicing of these CD45 exons involves two heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins, hnRNP L and its cell-type specific paralog hnRNP L-like (LL). To address the complex combinatorial splicing of exons 4-6, we investigated hnRNP L/LL protein expression in human B-cells in relation to CD45 splicing patterns, applying RNA-Seq. In addition, mutational and RNA-binding analyses were carried out in HeLa cells. We conclude that hnRNP LL functions as the major CD45 splicing repressor, with two CA elements in exon 6 as its primary target. In exon 4, one element is targeted by both hnRNP L and LL. In contrast, exon 5 was never repressed on its own and only co-regulated with exons 4 and 6. Stable L/LL interaction requires CD45 RNA, specifically exons 4 and 6. We propose a novel model of combinatorial alternative splicing: HnRNP L and LL cooperate on the CD45 pre-mRNA, bridging exons 4 and 6 and looping out exon 5, thereby achieving full repression of the three variable exons.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alternative Splicing*
  • B-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cell Line
  • Exons*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens / genetics*
  • Mutation
  • Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid

Substances

  • Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L
  • Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens