Self-reporting of height and weight: valid and reliable identification of malnutrition in preoperative patients

Am J Surg. 2012 Jun;203(6):700-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2011.06.053. Epub 2012 Feb 23.

Abstract

Background: Preoperative screening for malnutrition has become mandatory in The Netherlands. A sensitive method to diagnose malnutrition would save time and improve effectiveness.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 488 adult elective preoperative outpatients was performed. The accuracy of self-reported height and weight was compared with measured data and 3 commonly used malnutrition screening tools. Interobserver agreement was calculated by the intraclass correlation coefficient, studied in Bland and Altman plots, and analyzed by using Cohen's κ statistic. Accuracy was expressed in sensitivity, specificity, and false-negative rates.

Results: Differences between self-reported and measured data were significant, but clinically irrelevant, because only 1 patient was falsely identified as well nourished. Intraclass correlation coefficient for height, weight, and body mass index was high (.97-.99). Bland-Altman plots showed that the mean ± standard deviation differences and 95% limits of agreement between both methods were as follows: height, .0096 m (±.0262, -.0417 to +.0609 m); weight, -1.28 kg (±2.29, -5.76 to +3.20 kg); body mass index, -.72 kg/m(2) (±1.11, -2.92 to +1.46 kg/m(2)). The κ coefficient was .84 (95% confidence interval, .75-.94). Sensitivity was .97 and specificity was .98. Sensitivity and false-negative rates of self-reported data were better overall compared with the screening tools.

Conclusions: Self-reported data provide highly sensitive information to diagnose malnutrition in preoperative outpatients.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Ambulatory Surgical Procedures
  • Body Height*
  • Body Weight*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Elective Surgical Procedures
  • False Negative Reactions
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Malnutrition / diagnosis*
  • Middle Aged
  • Netherlands
  • Observer Variation
  • Preoperative Care / methods*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Self Report*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Young Adult