Abstract
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) infections that continue to increase in frequency globally have progressed to become extremely drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDRTB). The therapeutic problems associated with MDRTB pale in comparison to those for XDRTB where mortality is high. This mini-review highlights the evidence that supports the use of the phenothiazine neuroleptic thioridazine for the therapy of XDRTB. Although thioridazine does produce some serious side-effects, the poor prognosis associated with an XDRTB infection of a patient that presents with AIDS merits that the use of thioridazine for therapy of XDRTB is seriously considered. A recommended protocol is presented.
MeSH terms
-
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy
-
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / mortality
-
Antitubercular Agents / adverse effects
-
Antitubercular Agents / pharmacokinetics
-
Antitubercular Agents / pharmacology
-
Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use*
-
Bacterial Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
-
Biological Availability
-
Calcium / metabolism
-
Compassionate Use Trials
-
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / drug therapy*
-
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / mortality
-
Heart Diseases / chemically induced
-
Heart Diseases / prevention & control
-
Humans
-
Ion Transport / drug effects
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis / drug effects
-
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome / etiology
-
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome / prevention & control
-
Phagosomes / enzymology
-
Phagosomes / microbiology
-
Potassium / metabolism
-
Prognosis
-
Protein Binding / drug effects
-
Salvage Therapy
-
Thioridazine / adverse effects
-
Thioridazine / pharmacokinetics
-
Thioridazine / pharmacology
-
Thioridazine / therapeutic use*
-
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / drug therapy*
-
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / drug therapy
Substances
-
Antitubercular Agents
-
Bacterial Proteins
-
Thioridazine
-
Potassium
-
Calcium