A new luciferase-based quantitative assay for the evaluation of human trophoblast fusion

Reprod Sci. 2012 Apr;19(4):374-82. doi: 10.1177/1933719111424437. Epub 2012 Feb 16.

Abstract

The syncytiotrophoblast is a multinuclear cell layer maintained through fusion events with cytotrophoblasts and plays a key role in the properties of the placenta. Monitoring fusion in this cell layer is important in studies aimed at understanding its function. We herein propose a new fusion assay based on the transactivating potential of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein on its promoter present in the long terminal repeat (LTR) region. We used 2 BeWo cell populations, one stably transfected with the HIV-1 LTR positioned upstream of the luciferase gene and the other stably transfected with a Tat expression vector. Both stable cell lines were responsive to Tat-mediated LTR transactivation and demonstrated normal fusion and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secretion upon stimulation. When both BeWo cell lines were cocultured, forskolin-mediated induction of fusion led to an increase in luciferase activity, which was sensitive to anti-syncytin 1 and -2 antibodies and syncytin 2 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Similar results were obtained in primary trophoblasts. Our results highlight the effectiveness and accuracy of this new quantification assay for trophoblast fusion.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chorionic Gonadotropin / metabolism
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Colforsin / pharmacology
  • Female
  • HIV Long Terminal Repeat
  • Humans
  • Luciferases / genetics
  • Luciferases / metabolism*
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Placenta / cytology
  • Placenta / physiology*
  • Pregnancy
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Transfection
  • Trophoblasts / cytology
  • Trophoblasts / physiology*
  • tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / genetics

Substances

  • Chorionic Gonadotropin
  • tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • Colforsin
  • Luciferases