In 1890, the German scholar Von Behring found animal serum antitoxin. In 1940, Cenci advocated to use recovery-stage patients' serum instead of animal serum for its anaphylactic reaction. In 1973, Tiselius separated immunoglobulin from serum with electrophoresis techniques. In 1940, immunoglobulin's preparation process was published by Cohn and his colleagues. After the Second World War, immunoglobulin was used by civilians for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Bruton found the lack of γ-globulins in primary immunodeficiency patients in 1952, and immunoglobulin was used to treat this disease. From then on, immunoglobulin began to be used for immunodeficiency disease. In 1981, Imbach achieved success in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with immunoglobulin. Immunoglobulin came into use for autoimmune disease subsequent to that.