Saposins utilize two strategies for lipid transfer and CD1 antigen presentation

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Mar 20;109(12):4357-64. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1200764109. Epub 2012 Feb 13.

Abstract

Transferring lipid antigens from membranes into CD1 antigen-presenting proteins represents a major molecular hurdle necessary for T-cell recognition. Saposins facilitate this process, but the mechanisms used are not well understood. We found that saposin B forms soluble saposin protein-lipid complexes detected by native gel electrophoresis that can directly load CD1 proteins. Because saposin B must bind lipids directly to function, we found it could not accommodate long acyl chain containing lipids. In contrast, saposin C facilitates CD1 lipid loading in a different way. It uses a stable, membrane-associated topology and was capable of loading lipid antigens without forming soluble saposin-lipid antigen complexes. These findings reveal how saposins use different strategies to facilitate transfer of structurally diverse lipid antigens.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD1 / metabolism*
  • CHO Cells
  • Cricetinae
  • Electrophoresis, Agar Gel
  • Glycolipids / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Killer Cells, Natural / cytology
  • Lipid Bilayers / metabolism
  • Lipids / chemistry
  • Liposomes / chemistry
  • Models, Biological
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Saposins / chemistry*
  • Saposins / physiology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / cytology*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD1
  • Glycolipids
  • Lipid Bilayers
  • Lipids
  • Liposomes
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Saposins