Osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis: systematic review of surgical outcomes and complication rates

Abstract

Case series on osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis (OOKP) published in English from 1950-June 2010 were identified in Medline/PubMed. Indications for surgery, visual acuity, anatomical survival, complication and repeat surgery rates were compared among the different studies. Our own case series is a retrospective review of all OOKP surgeries performed in our center from February 2004-July 2011. Eight case series including our own were systematically reviewed. Sample sizes ranged from 4-181 eyes. The most common indications for surgery were severe cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and thermal and chemical burns that were unamenable to other forms of surgery or had had previous surgical failure. Anatomical survival rate in all the studies was 87.8% (range 67-100%) at 5 years, and three studies showed survival rates of 81.0% (range 65-98%) at 20 years. Visual acuity was more than 6/18 in 52% (range 46-72%) of the eyes with OOKP surgery. The most common intraoperative complication was vitreous hemorrhage (0-52%) and the most common long-term blinding complication was glaucoma (7-47%). Endophthalmitis rates ranged from 2-8%. The most common repeat surgical procedure was mucosal trimming due to mucosal overgrowth at the optical cylinder and mucosal grafting for extrusion of the OOKP or mucosal ulceration. Of the available biological and synthetic keratoprosthesis, OOKP appears to be an excellent option for the treatment of end-stage corneal diseases.