Chronic osteomyelitis is a severe complication characterized by soft tissue and bone pathogenic infection resulting in osseous destruction. Surgical management is demanding and poses a challenge in achieving the goals of treatment, which are control of infection, bone healing as well as satisfactory functional outcome. Therapeutic strategies are based on a combined application of radical surgery and systemic antibiotic therapy. The bony defects which remain after extensive debridement have to be reconstructed with bone grafting after soft tissue coverage and the healing process is decisive for a successful outcome.