Nano-biosensors could be defined as biosensors, which are combined with nanotechnology by using several techniques. This strategy could be seen as a key to yielding device which exhibits rapid responses combined with very high sensitivities. In recent years as consumer demand traceability and legislators and account- ability in the food chain distribution has increased, the need for rapid and verifiable methods of food quality assurance has grown rapidly. Sensing technologies for food analysis including optical, chromatographic, colorimetric, etc. are employed. Biosensors allow the detection of analyte's wide spectrum in complex sample matrices, and have shown great promise in areas such as food analysis, environmental monitoring and bioprocess. Biosensors can be divided into six groups which depend on the method of signal transduction: magnetic, optical, electrochemical, mass, thermal and micromechanical sensors. The aim of this paper is to present the directions of the development of nano-biosensors and their useability to detect a range of biological and chemical compounds in the food industry market.