Salmonella enteritidis Rck-mediated invasion requires activation of Rac1, which is dependent on the class I PI 3-kinases-Akt signaling pathway

FASEB J. 2012 Apr;26(4):1569-81. doi: 10.1096/fj.11-189647. Epub 2011 Dec 30.

Abstract

The Salmonella outer membrane protein Rck mediates a Zipper-like entry mechanism controlled by Rac, the Arp2/3 complex, and actin polymerization. However, little is known about the early steps leading to Rac activation and Rck-mediated internalization. The use of pharmacological inhibitors or PI 3-kinase dominant-negative mutant induced more than 80% less invasion without affecting attachment. Moreover, Rck-mediated internalization caused an increase in the association of p85 with at least one tyrosine-phosphorylated protein, indicating that class I PI 3-kinase activity was stimulated. We also report that this PI 3-kinase activity is essential for Rac1 activation. However, Rac recruitment at the Rck-mediated entry site was independent of its activation. Using a pharmacological approach or Akt-knockout cells, we also demonstrated that Akt was phosphorylated in response to Rck-mediated internalization as demonstrated by immunoblotting analysis and that all three Akt isoforms were required during this process. Overall, our results describe a signaling pathway involving tyrosine phosphorylation, class I PI 3-kinase, Akt activation, and Rac activation, leading to Rck-dependent Zipper entry. The specificity of this signaling pathway with regard to that of the type 3 secretion system, which is the other invasion process of Salmonella, is discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / genetics
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Salmonella enteritidis / cytology
  • Salmonella enteritidis / metabolism*
  • Salmonella enteritidis / pathogenicity*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / genetics
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / metabolism*

Substances

  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein