Epigenetic mechanisms of plant-derived anticancer drugs

Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2012 Jan 1;17(1):129-73. doi: 10.2741/3919.

Abstract

Epigenetic mechanisms are essential for normal development and maintenance of adult life. Disruption of epigenetic processes results in deregulated gene expression and leads to life-threatening diseases, in particular, cancer. Global epigenetic alterations are a hallmark of cancer. Cancer epigenetics revealed the deregulation of all components of the epigenetic machinery including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin structure, and non-coding RNAs. Drugs targeting epigenetic processes, or "epi-drugs", are at the forefront of drug discovery, and plant-derived compounds have shown promise. Most of the plant-derived anticancer drugs that work through epigenetic mechanisms are polyphenols; the others are alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, and terpenoids. This review focuses on the epigenetic machinery and its basis for cancer therapy, highlights plant-derived anticancer drugs with epigenetic mechanisms of action, and discusses their potential use in epigenetic therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • DNA Methylation / drug effects
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / drug effects*
  • Histones / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Polyphenols / pharmacology
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational / drug effects
  • RNA Interference

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Histones
  • Polyphenols