Advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) often involves the stump or branch of the hepatic artery (HA) and portal vein (PV). Violated PV resection and reconstruction is currently considered a safe procedure without risks. However, HA resection and reconstruction is less common, because the reconstruction and anastomosis is more complicated and may be impossible when the artery is deeply encased by tumor. Radical resection of HCCA remains a major challenge for surgeons aiming to prolong the long-term survival of patients who have undergone such a surgical procedure. Here, we report our clinical experience with PV arterialization (PVA) in an advanced HCCA patient; PVA was achieved by anastomosing the gastroduodenal artery and the PV with an end-to-side running suture. PVA, at least in this patient, was verified as a key point during the course of the disorder between surgery and postoperative recovery. According to literature review, we can believe that this novel approach might be a useful technique to allow surgeons to guarantee a better oncological result and a better chance for long-term survival in HCCA patients.