Background & aim: Metabolic abnormalities are common in chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC). However, the genotypic differences of these disarrangements in patients infected with CHC genotype 4 (HCV-4) and its association with liver histology and viral loads remain unknown.
Material and methods: We consecutively enrolled 183 HCV-4 patients and 106 healthy matched controls; to compare metabolic profiles and assess pattern of association of HCV RNA levels as well as histological factors with the serum lipid profile.
Results: HCV-4 infection is associated with higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, despite that, a favourable lipid pattern, consisting of an elevation in HDL- C and a reduction in serum cholesterol (TC), LDL-C and triglyceride (TG) levels, in comparison with normal matched adults. Significant fibrosis was independently associated with HOMA-IR, portal/periportal inflammation grade, serum cholesterol and age. Univariate association was elucidated between lower LDL-C and TC and Metavir activity score and between higher TG and TC and steatosis. In multivariate analysis, severe hepatitis activity, milder hepatic fibrosis, and triglyceride levels are associated with higher HCV RNA levels.
Conclusion: HCV-4 is associated with wide metabolic changes. A proportional relationship is found between serum lipid profiles and hepatitis C viral load and liver histology in patients with HCV-4.