Since 2005, schistosomiasis comprehensive control was implemented in Shitai County, Anhui Province, the infection rates of schistosome in human populations and domestic animals reduced from 0.38% and 0.83% in 2005 to 0.09% and 0 in 2009, respectively. The densities of living snails and infected snails decreased from 4.79 snails/0.1 m2 and 0.007 7 snails/0.1 m2 in 2005 to 1.01 snails/0.1 m2 and 0.001 2 snails/0.1 m2 in 2009, respectively. No acute infections were found in 2009, and 71.2% of villages reached the criteria of transmission control or transmission interruption. The endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Shitai County is effectively controlled, but consolidation and enlargement of the control achievements still remains a challenge.