Skill-dependent proximal-to-distal sequence in team-handball throwing

J Sports Sci. 2012;30(1):21-9. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2011.617773. Epub 2011 Nov 23.

Abstract

The importance of proximal-to-distal sequencing in human performance throwing has been reported previously. However, a comprehensive comparison of the proximal-to-distal sequence in team-handball throwing in athletes with different training experience and competition is lacking. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare the ball velocity and proximal-to-distal sequence in the team-handball standing throw with run-up of players of different skill (less experienced, experienced, and elite). Twenty-four male team-handball players (n = 8 for each group) performed five standing throws with run-up with maximal ball velocity and accuracy. Kinematics and ball trajectories were recorded with a Vicon motion capture system and joint movements were calculated. A specific proximal-to-distal sequence, where elbow flexion occurred before shoulder internal rotation, was found in all three groups. These results are in line with previous studies in team-handball. Furthermore, the results of the present study suggest that in the team-handball standing throw with run-up, increased playing experience is associated with an increase in ball velocity as well as a delayed start to trunk flexion.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Arm / physiology
  • Athletic Performance / physiology*
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Elbow / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology*
  • Rotation
  • Running / physiology
  • Shoulder / physiology
  • Young Adult