Vitamin D status before and after hypophysectomy in dogs with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism

Abstract

Both spontaneous hypercortisolism and chronic glucocorticoid treatment are associated with osteoporosis and low circulating concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D in humans. Pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism (PDH) is a common disorder in dogs, but little is known about the vitamin D status of affected dogs. Pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism in dogs can be treated effectively by hypophysectomy and subsequent hormone supplementation. Because hormone supplementation does not include GH, dogs that have undergone hypophysectomy have low circulating concentrations of GH and IGF-1, which may result in low plasma 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D concentrations and consequently increased parathyroid hormone secretion. The aim of this study was to determine whether dogs with PDH need vitamin D supplementation before and/or after hypophysectomy. To this end, we measured plasma concentrations of GH, IGF-1, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D metabolites in 12 dogs with PDH before and 8 wk after hypophysectomy and in 12 control dogs. Although plasma GH concentrations were lower in dogs with PDH than in control dogs both before and after hypophysectomy, the vitamin D status was similar. In conclusion, there is no need for vitamin D supplementation in dogs with PDH, either before or after hypophysectomy.