Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for localization of pathologic glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism

Surgery. 2012 Apr;151(4):580-6. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2011.08.010. Epub 2011 Oct 6.

Abstract

Background: The localization of enlarged parathyroid glands might, depending on size, histology, and concomitant goiter, be difficult in some patients. In the presented study, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) was applied as a new diagnostic tool to detect the site of parathyroid lesions.

Methods: Thirty patients underwent operation for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) between 8/2009 and 6/2010. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using a linear probe (6-9 MHz, LOGIQE9/GE), fundamental B scan, and Doppler ultrasonography, (99m)Technetium-sestamibi scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed in all patients preoperatively. The diagnostic sensitivity of the procedures, time requirements, and overall costs were analyzed.

Results: Using CEUS, all 31 pathologic glands could be detected, compared with 23 using conventional ultrasonography, 25 using (99m)Technetium-sestamibi scintigraphy and 22 using MRI (P = .015). Costs and time requirement were less using CEUS as compared with (99m)Technetium-scintigraphy and MRI examinations (P = .002). Minimally invasive, video-assisted parathyroidectomy could be performed successfully based on CEUS findings in all but 7 patients who required concomitant thyroid surgery or had underwent previous thyroid operations. All patients showed normal serum levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone serum levels 3 months after parathyroidectomy.

Conclusion: CEUS represents a highly sensitive and cost-efficient method for localization of pathologic parathyroid glands in patients with pHPT. Future studies should confirm these findings in order to establish CEUS as a standard diagnostic procedure.

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma / diagnostic imaging
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / diagnostic imaging*
  • Hyperplasia / diagnostic imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Parathyroid Glands / diagnostic imaging
  • Parathyroid Glands / pathology
  • Parathyroid Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Phospholipids*
  • Radionuclide Imaging
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Sulfur Hexafluoride*
  • Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • Phospholipids
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • contrast agent BR1
  • Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi
  • Sulfur Hexafluoride