Abstract
In order to augment responses to respiratory vaccines in swine, various adjuvants were intranasally coadministered with a foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antigen to pigs. Detoxified Escherichia coli enterotoxins LTK63 and LTR72 enhanced antigen-specific mucosal and systemic immunity, demonstrating their efficacy as adjuvants for nonreplicating antigens upon intranasal immunization in swine.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage*
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Administration, Intranasal
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Animals
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Antibodies, Neutralizing / blood
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Antibodies, Viral / blood
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Bacterial Toxins / administration & dosage*
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Bacterial Toxins / genetics
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Blood / immunology
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Enterotoxins / administration & dosage*
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Enterotoxins / genetics
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Escherichia coli Proteins / administration & dosage*
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Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease / immunology
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease / prevention & control*
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Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / immunology*
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Immunity, Mucosal
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Immunoglobulin A / analysis
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Immunoglobulin G / blood
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Swine
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Toxoids / administration & dosage*
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Toxoids / genetics
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Vaccination / methods*
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Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
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Viral Vaccines / immunology*
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Antibodies, Neutralizing
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Antibodies, Viral
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Bacterial Toxins
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Enterotoxins
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Escherichia coli Proteins
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Immunoglobulin A
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Immunoglobulin G
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Toxoids
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Viral Vaccines
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heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli