A heterobimetallic ruthenium-gadolinium complex as a potential agent for bimodal imaging

Inorg Chem. 2011 Oct 17;50(20):10005-14. doi: 10.1021/ic200726t. Epub 2011 Sep 13.

Abstract

Trinuclear heterobimetallic Ln(III)-Ru(II) complexes (Ln = Eu, Gd) based on a 1,10-phenanthroline ligand bearing a diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) core have been synthesized and fully characterized by a range of experimental techniques. The (17)O NMR and proton nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) measurements of Gd(III)-Ru(II) show that, in comparison to the parent Gd-DTPA, this complex exhibits improved relaxivity, which is the result of an increase of the rotational correlation time. Relaxometry and ultrafiltration experiments indicate that the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand has a high affinity for noncovalent binding to human serum albumin, which results in a high relaxivity r(1) of 14.3 s(-1) mM(-1) at 20 MHz and 37 °C. Furthermore, the Ln(III)-Ru(II) complexes (Ln = Eu, Gd) show an intense light absorption in the visible spectral region due to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transitions. Upon excitation into the MLCT band at 440 nm, the complexes exhibit a bright-red luminescence centered at 610 nm, with a quantum yield of 4.7%. The luminescence lifetime equals 540 ns and is therefore long enough to exceed the fluorescent background. Monometallic lanthanide complexes have also been synthesized, and the Eu(III) analogue shows a characteristic red luminescence with a quantum yield of 0.8%. Taking into account the relaxometric and luminescent properties, the developed Gd(III)-Ru(II) complex can be considered as a potential in vitro bimodal imaging agent.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absorption
  • Gadolinium / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Luminescent Measurements
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Molecular Imaging / methods*
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemistry*
  • Organometallic Compounds / metabolism
  • Phenanthrolines / chemistry
  • Ruthenium / chemistry*
  • Serum Albumin / metabolism

Substances

  • Ligands
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Phenanthrolines
  • Serum Albumin
  • Ruthenium
  • Gadolinium
  • 1,10-phenanthroline