Background: Primary kidney sarcomas are rare neoplasms. Pre-operative signs and symptoms are non-specific, thus making early diagnosis of this condition difficult. The presenting features are similar to other common renal tumors.
Materials and methods: Two cases of primary renal synovial sarcoma were diagnosed based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Fusion gene product analysis was also done for one patient.
Results: Both patients underwent radical nephrectomy. The morphology and IHC of the tumors were consistent with primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney. One of the patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and is on regular follow-up since two years. The second patient was lost to follow-up.
Conclusion: These tumors should be correctly diagnosed because the line of treatment is distinct from primary renal cell carcinoma. Chemotherapy has a role in managing these patients.
Key words: Synovial sarcoma - kidney - RT-PCR - SYTSSX - t (X;18) translocation - Fusion gene..