Electrophysiological testing of sensory and motor fibers of entrapped median nerve allows to assess objectively the degree of median nerve impairment in carpal tunnel syndrome. The median nerve conduction study confirms the clinical diagnosis, especially in patients where symptoms are not obvious. Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist. Due to the fact that there are many predisposing factors increasing risk of median nerve mononeuropathy at the wrist, this syndrome is very common. Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome may be long-lasting. In order to be curative, it needs to be complex, both in mild and advanced cases and requires medical personnel to take an individual approach to the patient.