The influence of chemical activation on tooth bleaching using 10% carbamide peroxide

Oper Dent. 2011 Mar-Apr;36(2):162-8. doi: 10.2341/09-280-L.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of manganese gluconate, a chemical activator of bleaching agents, at a concentration of 0.01% on the efficiency of a 10% carbamide peroxide-based bleaching agent. Forty bovine incisors were immersed in a 25% instant coffee solution for seven days and randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 was the control group and consisted of 10% carbamide peroxide-based bleaching gel only. Group 2 consisted of 10% carbamide peroxide-based bleaching gel and 0.01% manganese gluconate. Three readings of color were taken using the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer: the initial reading, a reading at seven days, and a reading at 14 days. Total color variation was calculated by ΔE*Lab. Data were submitted to the statistical t-test (5%), which showed that after seven days group 2 had a significant increase in the degree of tooth bleaching compared with group 1. The mean values (±SD) were 16.33 (±3.95) for group 1 and 19.29 (±4.97) for group 2. However, the results for group 1 and group 2 were similar after 14 days. Adding 0.01% manganese gluconate to 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel increased the degree of tooth bleaching after a seven-day treatment and did not influence the resulting shade after 14 days.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carbamide Peroxide
  • Cattle
  • Coffee
  • Color
  • Dental Enamel / drug effects
  • Drug Synergism
  • Gluconates / therapeutic use*
  • Materials Testing
  • Peroxides / therapeutic use*
  • Random Allocation
  • Spectrophotometry
  • Time Factors
  • Tooth Bleaching / methods*
  • Tooth Bleaching Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Tooth Discoloration / drug therapy
  • Urea / analogs & derivatives*
  • Urea / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Coffee
  • Gluconates
  • Peroxides
  • Tooth Bleaching Agents
  • Carbamide Peroxide
  • Urea
  • gluconic acid