Time course of virulence factors produced by group A streptococcus during a food-borne epidemic

J Infect Chemother. 2012 Feb;18(1):35-40. doi: 10.1007/s10156-011-0280-8. Epub 2011 Jul 13.

Abstract

We studied the protein amount and activity of the major virulence factors hemolysin, cysteine protease streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), and NAD glycohydrolase (NADase), which are produced by Streptococcus pyogenes type T-25, with a food poisoning outbreak. The three virulence factors were analyzed by activity and amount of protein using supernatants at 2-30 h of culture. All these virulence factors were confirmed by their activity. Streptolysin O (SLO), SpeB, and NADase were immunochemically confirmed at protein level by Western blot analysis. Two hemolytic forms (70 and 60 kDa) of SLO were identified. SpeB was detected as a 44-kDa precursor form and a 30-kDa mature form. NADase was 50 kDa. SLO protein peaked at 8 h of culture, which corresponded with the hemolytic activity peak. Conversion from precursor to SpeB protein peaked at 14 h of culture. The conversion peak corresponded to the activity expression time. Also, mature SpeB protein peaked at 24 h of culture and corresponded to SpeB activity peak. Electrophoretic analysis clarified the relationship between SLO protein and SpeB protein, although amounts of SLO and SpeB have been reported to be inversely proportional to activity. NADase protein peaked at 12 h of culture, but protein level did not correspond to the peak. Because the NADase protein peak was closer to SpeB activity than SLO protein, our results suggested NADase protein was degraded at 12 h of culture. The time course production of these virulence factors is discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
  • Bacterial Proteins / isolation & purification
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Bacterial Proteins / pharmacology
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Exotoxins / chemistry
  • Exotoxins / isolation & purification
  • Exotoxins / metabolism
  • Exotoxins / pharmacology
  • Foodborne Diseases / epidemiology
  • Foodborne Diseases / microbiology*
  • Hemolysis / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Kinetics
  • NAD+ Nucleosidase / chemistry
  • NAD+ Nucleosidase / isolation & purification
  • NAD+ Nucleosidase / metabolism
  • NAD+ Nucleosidase / pharmacology
  • Streptococcal Infections / epidemiology
  • Streptococcal Infections / microbiology*
  • Streptococcus pyogenes / chemistry
  • Streptococcus pyogenes / metabolism*
  • Streptococcus pyogenes / pathogenicity
  • Streptolysins / chemistry
  • Streptolysins / isolation & purification
  • Streptolysins / metabolism
  • Streptolysins / pharmacology
  • Virulence Factors / biosynthesis*
  • Virulence Factors / isolation & purification
  • Virulence Factors / pharmacology

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Exotoxins
  • Streptolysins
  • Virulence Factors
  • erythrogenic toxin
  • streptolysin O
  • NAD+ Nucleosidase