Carnitine supplementation modulates high dietary copper-induced oxidative toxicity and reduced performance in laying hens

Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011 Dec;144(1-3):725-35. doi: 10.1007/s12011-011-9122-x. Epub 2011 Jun 29.

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of L-carnitine on performance, egg quality and certain biochemical parameters in laying hens fed a diet containing high levels of copper proteinate. Forty-eight 42-week-old laying hens were divided into four groups with four replicates. The laying hens were fed with a basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with either 400 mg carnitine (Car)/kg diet, 800 mg copper proteinate (CuP)/kg diet or 400 mg carnitine + 800 mg copper (Car+CuP)/kg diet, for 6 weeks. Supplemental CuP decreased feed consumption (p < 0.01), feed efficiency and egg production (p < 0.001), as compared to control. The combination of Car and CuP increased (p < 0.001) egg production and feed efficiency as compared to CuP. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (p < 0.05) and alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.01) were increased, while lactate dehydrogenase activity was decreased (p < 0.001) by supplemental CuP and Car+CuP. Supplemental CuP caused an increase in plasma malondialdehyde (p < 0.01) and nitric oxide levels (p < 0.05). In the Car+CuP group, this increase was observed to have been reduced significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Car+CuP increased (p < 0.05) glucose level. These results indicate that the carnitine and copper combination may prevent the possible adverse effects of high dietary copper on performance and lipid peroxidation in hens.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Body Weight / drug effects
  • Carnitine / pharmacology*
  • Chickens / physiology*
  • Copper / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Copper / toxicity*
  • Diet / adverse effects*
  • Egg Shell / chemistry
  • Egg Shell / drug effects
  • Eggs
  • Enzymes / metabolism
  • Female
  • Kidney / drug effects
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Lipid Metabolism / drug effects
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / pathology
  • Malondialdehyde / blood
  • Minerals / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide / blood
  • Organ Size / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Enzymes
  • Minerals
  • Proteins
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Copper
  • Carnitine