Mediators of sexual functions in women with diabetes

J Sex Med. 2011 Sep;8(9):2532-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02336.x. Epub 2011 Jun 15.

Abstract

Introduction: Sexual disorders in women with diabetes mellitus (DM) may not necessarily have only the biological etiology.

Aims: To establish the mediators of sexual functions in the population of women with DM.

Methods: Five hundred seventeen females, aged 18-55 years old, were included in a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study. This is the second part of the study on sexual functions in females with DM where only females with DM (n=242) were analyzed. Sexual functions were compared between women with type 1 (n=109) and type 2 DM (N=133).

Main outcome measures: To assess reported female sexual functions by using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in women with type 1 and type 2 DM. To establish the risk factors of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in women with DM by using multivariate logistic regression model.

Results: Sexual dysfunction was diagnosed in 32.65% (n=64) of women with DM. Women with type 2 DM had a significantly lower number of points scored in all FSFI domains except pain compared to type 1 respondents. The only variables associated with DM significantly influencing sexual functioning were: type 2 diabetes in desire, arousal, as well as in global FSD (odds ratio [OR]=1.40; 2.70 and 3.31, respectively), the presence of retinopathy in lubrication (OR=7.8), and treatment with insulin in satisfaction domain (OR=0.29). Neither the presence of comorbidities, the duration of diabetes, the presence of diabetes complications nor the glycemic control was a moderator of FSD. The strongest significant predictors of FSD were: the presence of depressive symptoms, the importance of sex to the respondent, and satisfaction with the partner as a lover.

Conclusions: Women with DM, especially type 2, are at risk of sexual dysfunctions. Diabetes-related factors have little impact on sexual functions in women with DM. Depressive symptoms, partner-related factors, and individual perception of sexuality should be evaluated when counseling females with DM.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Complications / physiopathology
  • Diabetes Complications / psychology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / physiopathology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / psychology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Life Style
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Risk Factors
  • Sexual Behavior / physiology
  • Sexual Behavior / psychology*
  • Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / etiology
  • Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / etiology
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult