Simplifying and improving the extraction of nitrate from freshwater for stable isotope analyses

J Environ Monit. 2011 Jul;13(7):2062-6. doi: 10.1039/c1em10289c. Epub 2011 May 31.

Abstract

Determining the isotopic composition of nitrate (NO(3)(-)) in water can prove useful to identify NO(3)(-) sources and to understand its dynamics in aquatic systems. Among the procedures available, the 'ion-exchange resin method' involves extracting NO(3)(-) from freshwater and converting it into solid silver nitrate (AgNO(3)), which is then analysed for (15)N/(14)N and (18)O/(16)O ratios. This study describes a simplified methodology where water was not pre-treated to remove dissolved organic carbon (DOC) or barium cations (added to precipitate O-bearing contaminants), which suited samples with high NO(3)(-) (≥ 00 μM or 25 mg L(-1) NO(3)(-)) and low DOC (typically < 17 μM of C or 5 mg L(-1) C) levels. % N analysis revealed that a few AgNO(3) samples were of low purity (compared with expected % N of 8.2), highlighting the necessity to introduce quality control/quality assurance procedures for silver nitrate prepared from field water samples. Recommendations are then made to monitor % N together with % O (expected at 28.6, i.e. 3.5 fold % N) in AgNO(3) in order to better assess the type and gravity of the contamination as well as to identify potentially unreliable data.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carbon Isotopes / analysis
  • Carbon Isotopes / chemistry
  • Chemical Fractionation / methods*
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Fresh Water / chemistry*
  • Nitrates / analysis*
  • Nitrates / chemistry
  • Nitrogen Isotopes / analysis
  • Nitrogen Isotopes / chemistry
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / chemistry

Substances

  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Nitrates
  • Nitrogen Isotopes
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical